Margaret Thatcher born: 13-10-1925 birth place: Lincolnshire The daughter of a businessman and mayor of Grantham, she was educated at the local grammar school, and at Oxford, where she obtained a degree in chemistry, and was president of the Conservative Association. Upon graduation she worked for four years as a research chemist. She then qualified as a barrister, specialising in taxation law, in 1954. As Miss Margaret Roberts, she stood twice in parliamentary elections for the Conservative Party, before being elected (after her marriage) to the House of Commons, in 1959, as Member for Finchley. Thatcher's first ministerial appointment came in 1961, and she quickly became a front-bench spokesman for her party, and member of the Shadow Cabinet. When the Conservatives returned to office in June 1970, she was appointed secretary of state for education and science, becoming famous as "Thatcher, milk snatcher", after her abolition of the universal free school milk scheme. After the Conservatives lost power in 1974, she was appointed to the Shadow Cabinet, and was elected leader of the Conservative Party in 1975. In May 1979 she became Britain's first female prime minister, after the Conservatives regained power from Labour. In power, she was best known for her destruction of Britain’s traditional industries, through her attacks on labour organisations such as the miner’s union, and for the massive privatisation of social housing and public transport. Also for her right-wing, pro-corporate alliance with US President Regan. She resigned on November 28, 1990, after her disastrous attempt to implement a fixed rate local tax (Poll Tax), and to disenfranchise those who did not pay it, led to huge popular protest, and disapproval from within her party. In 1992, she was appointed to the House of Lords, as Baroness Thatcher of Kesteven. 性别：女 出生年月：1925年10月13日 出生地：英格兰肯特郡的格兰瑟姆 学历：牛津大学理学士、文科硕士学位 职务：原英国首相 玛格丽特·希尔达·撒切尔（女），又译戴卓尔夫人，英国首相（1979—1991）、保守党领袖。1925年10月13日生于英格兰肯特郡的格兰瑟姆。先后获牛津大学理学士、文科硕士学位。1959年当选保守党下议院议员。1961年—1964年任保守党政府年金与国民保险部政务次官。 1965—1969年先后任保守党要职。1970年保守党再度执政，任教育和科学大臣。1975年当选保守党领袖。1979年出任英国首相。1983年6月、1987年6月两次连任。她不仅是英国历史上第一位女首相，也是本世纪内执政时间最长的政府首脑。1990年11月，因政策分歧失去内阁支持，22日宣布退出保守党领袖竞选，并辞去首相职务。次年4月正式去职。 曾4次访问中国，1984年在北京代表英国政府与中国政府签署了《关于香港问题的联合声明》。
